Leibniz

• Doesn't this prove too much? We could recombine the simple properties differently--the being that has all perfections but one.
• Is existence or necessary existence a simple predicate?
• We get a solution to both problems if we assume that existence--or necessary existence--is entailed by having all of the other predicates.

Kant

• Deep structure vs. surface structure.
• Russell on definite descriptions.
• The Fregean analysis of existence. -- But can define an existence predicate!
• Existence is always already there in a singular term. -- But what about fictional entities?
  • "Existent" does add something. "The existent unicorn doesn't exist" is self-contradictory.
  • Must always embed. If Sophroniscus did not marry Phainarete, it would be the case that Socrates does not exist.
• Existence is quantification.
• If "exists" is not a predicate neither is "is mythical".
• "x exists in w" is a perfectly fine predicate for any w. Hence, also, when w is the actual world.