Mackie’s Argument
- If God
exists, God is omnipotent. (Premise)
- If God
exists, God is wholly good. (Premise)
- God
exists. (Premise)
- Evil
exists. (Premise)
- A
good being eliminates evil as far as it can. (Premise)
- An
omnipotent being has no limits on what it can do. (Premise)
- If God
exists, God eliminates all evil he can. (By 2 and 5)
- If God
exists, God can eliminate all evil. (By 1 and 6)
- If
God exists, God eliminates all evil. (By 7 and 8)
- If
God exists, there is no evil. (By 9)
- There
is no evil. (By 3 and 10)
- Contradiction!
(4 and 11)
Mackie concludes we should reject premise 3.
Solutions Mackie rejects
- Good
cannot exist without evil, i.e., evil is a necessary counterpart to good
- Evil
is a necessary means to good
- The
universe is better with some evil in it than if there were no evil
- Evil
is due to free will